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XVII. Pecan Insects H C Ellis and J. D. Dutcher Georgia's pecan production was only 75 million pounds in 1995, 10 million pounds more than 1994
production. Because of a reduced crop in 1994 and 1995, prices increased in 1995, averaging $1.07 per pound. The total crop value was $79.61 million, 127 percent of the value of the 1994 crop.Overall, losses to pecan arthropods
fell significantly in 1995. Black pecan aphids, mites, pecan nut casebearer and hickory shuckworms showed large increases. Yellow aphids increased slightly, although there was only one population peak during the season. Pecan
weevil and kernel feeding hemipterans caused slightly less damage than in 1994. The occurrence of black pecan aphids in early season continued to be a concern. Losses to spittlebugs and boring beetles increased in 1995. Increased
losses in the "others" category wee primarily due to spittlebug and Asian ambrosia beetles. Estimated total losses to arthropod pests in 1995 were 92% higher than the 1994 estimates. |
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Insect |
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Black pecan aphidMites Hickory shuckworm Yellow aphids2,3 Pecan weevil Pecan nut casebearer Others3 Kernel feeding hemipterans5 Total
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Cost of Control |
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$2,160,000 2,138,000 1,350,000 1,800,000 2,250,000 330,000
900,000 68,000 $10,996,000 |
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Damage |
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$3,210,0002,889 000 3,611,000 2,408,000 1,505,000 2,087,000 803,000 883,000 $17,396,000 |
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Total |
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$5,370,0005,027,000 4,961,000 4,208,000 3,755,000 2,417,000 1,703,000 951,000 $28,392,000 |
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1 "Mites" refers primarily to the pecan leaf scroch mite
2
"Yellow aphids" include the yellow pecan aphid and the blackmargined aphid.
3
The cost of control of yellow aphids includes $60 per care for application of aldicarb on 12,000 acres and $10.00 per acre for foliar sprays on 108,000 acres.
4
"Others" include the pecan bud moth, pecan spittlebug, pecan leaf casebearer, leaf miners, fall webworm, phylloxeras, walnut caterpillar, boring insects, Prionus spp., hickory shoot curculio.
5 "Kernel feeding hemipterans" include the southern green stink bug, the brown stink bug, the leaffooted bug and others. |
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Insect |
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Black pecan aphidsMites 4 Hickory shuckwormYellow aphids 5 Pecan weevilPecan nut casebearer
Others 6 Kernel feeding hemipterans7 |
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No. Acres
Needing Control |
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135,000105,000 128,000 135,000 98,000 60,000 120,000 38,000 |
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No. Acres Treated |
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120,00075,000 75,000 120,000 75,000 30,000 90,000 8,000 |
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No. of Acre Applic.1 |
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2.01.5 2.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 |
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Avg. Cost
Per Unit Treated2 |
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$ 9.00 19.00 9.00 15.00 15.00 11.00 10.00 9.00 |
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Yield Loss On Units Treated3 |
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2,400,0001,500,000 750,000 1,800,000 506,000 300,000 450,000 75,000 |
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Yield Loss On Units Untreated3 |
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600,0001,200,000 2,625,000 450,000 900,000 1,650,000 300,000 750,000 |
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1 Some applications control more than one pest and the number of applications indicated were not made in all orchards.
2
Excluding application costs.
3 Yield units measured in pounds
4
"Mites" refers primarily to the pecan leaf scorch mite.
5 "Yellow aphids" include the yellow pecan aphid and the blackmargined aphid.
6 "Others" include the pecan bud moth, pecan leaf casebearer, leaf miners, fall webworm, pecan spittlebug, walnut caterpillar, phylloxeras, boring insects, Prionus
spp., hickory nut curculio.
7 "Kernel feeding hemipterans" include the southern green stink bug, the brown stink bug, the leaffooted bug and others. |
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